In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries Sevilla falls into a deep economic decline and urban. It is suspected that the great plague epidemic of 1649 killed about 60,000 people, 46% of the existing population, from 130,000 to 70,000 Seville habitantes. Also at this time the spirit Counter Seville transforms into a city-convent. In 1671 there were 45 monasteries of monks and 28 convents for women. All major orders, Franciscans, Dominicans, Augustinians and Jesuits settled there. Baroque art, often religious, in painting flowers with names like Valdés Leal, Murillo and Zurbaran and sculpture and Juan Martinez Montanes Mesa. from this time a large number of churches and altarpieces as well as many of the images steps and customs of Holy Week in Seville.
In May 1700 approved the establishment of the Royal Society of Philosophy and Medicine in Seville, Spain's first in its class.
In 1717 the new Bourbon administration ordered the removal of the House of Seville to Cadiz, port better suited to transatlantic trade. Sevilla loses much of its economic and political importance. The 1755 Lisbon earthquake was also felt in the buildings of the city affecting even the Giralda and eventually cause 9 victims.
The first references to snuff consumption in Spain in Seville testify. Also the first country's tobacco factory sits in this city. This is the Real Fabrica de Tabacos, whose construction started in 1728 and is one of the first large industrial building projects in Europe moderna.
With the publication of a newspaper called Hebdomario useful Seville in 1758, Seville became the Spanish dean of the provincial press.
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